India’s rice production, exports set to reach record high 

• Output to rise to a record 145 mnt in MY 2024-25
• Exports set to climb up to 24 mnt in MY 2025-26

India’s rice sector is entering a new phase of strength, with production and exports reaching record highs. Backed by favourable weather, supportive government policies, and strong global demand, the country is building up its position as the world’s largest rice exporter.

Record harvest outlook

In the marketing year (MY, from October to September) 2024-25, India is projected to harvest a record 145 million tonnes (mnt) of rice, its ninth consecutive bumper crop. The harvest includes 120 mnt from the kharif season, 15.5 mnt from rabi, and 9.5 mnt from summer crops. A well-distributed monsoon, higher minimum support prices (MSP), and stable cultivation areas contributed to this steady rise in output. Unlike past years, no major crop damage has been reported, further supporting production gains.

Expanding basmati footprint

Basmati rice, the country’s prized aromatic variety, is also seeing rapid production growth. Output is expected to climb up to 13 mnt in MY 2025-26 from 12 mnt in MY 2024-25, with more farmers shifting towards this premium crop. Rising international demand, particularly from the Middle East, Europe, and the US, is driving this growth. The government’s focus on maintaining export quality through regulatory checks is also strengthening basmati’s image in global markets.

Policy reforms boosting trade

India’s rice trade has often been shaped by government measures aimed at balancing domestic supply and food security with export competitiveness. Recently, authorities have eased restrictions by removing floor prices, export taxes, and certain bans on shipments. These reforms have helped boost exports, making Indian rice more competitive internationally and offering greater stability to traders.

Exports on track for record highs

As a result of these favorable dynamics, India’s rice exports are forecast to reach a record 24 mnt in MY 2025-26. This volume will comprise 15 mnt of non-basmati rice, 6 mnt of basmati rice, and 3 mnt of broken rice. Such figures highlight India’s strength as a global supplier, capable of meeting international demand even as it maintains sizeable government-held buffer stocks at home.

Consolidating global leadership

With production expanding and exports increasing, India is stepping up its leadership in the global rice trade. Its ability to supply both premium basmati and affordable coarse rice varieties ensures dominance across diverse international markets. As long as favourable policies, steady yields, and strong demand continue, India’s rice sector will remain key to the country’s agricultural and trade performance.