According to estimates by the Ministry of Steel, the use of renewable energy and energy efficiency measures leads to an increase in the cost of steel production by about 10-15%. Energy efficiency and renewable energy can reduce the emission intensity of steel only by 25% for the BF-BOF process and 30% for the coal DRI-IF process. Further reduction in emissions intensity is only possible through other decarbonisation options like the use of alternative fuels and CCUS. It is seen that ~56% of the total emissions from the current production pathways can be abated only through CCUS, as per estimates by the ministry.
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